{"id":4067,"date":"2020-07-10T13:33:15","date_gmt":"2020-07-10T13:33:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/?p=4067"},"modified":"2024-04-20T16:48:09","modified_gmt":"2024-04-20T16:48:09","slug":"fun-facts-61-clusivity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/blog\/2020\/07\/10\/fun-facts-61-clusivity\/","title":{"rendered":"Fun Facts About English #61 &#8211; The Inclusive and Exclusive &#8216;We&#8217;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.kinneybrothers.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" height=\"702\" width=\"702\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/061.jpg?resize=702%2C702&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Fun Facts About English 61 Kinney Brothers Publishing\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The recently coined term, <em>clusivity<\/em>, (Filimonova, <em>Clusivity<\/em>, 2005) is defined as &#8220;a grammatical distinction between inclusive and exclusive first-person pronouns and verbal morphology,&#8221; aka the inclusive &#8220;we&#8221; and exclusive &#8220;we.&#8221;  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>English is one of the few languages that does not have separate words for &#8220;we&#8221; that includes the listener, and &#8220;we&#8221; that excludes the listener.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/WE2.jpg?w=702&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Inclusive and exclusive we Kinney Brothers Publishing\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The distinction is either evident from context or can be understood through additional wording.  Consider the sentences below.  Without their accompanying sentences, there is no context to determine whether they include or exclude the listener.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>We&#8217;re going to the beach!  Are you ready yet?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>We&#8217;re going to the beach!  See you later!<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Other first-person plural pronouns (<em>us<\/em>, <em>our<\/em>, <em>ours<\/em>, <em>ourselves<\/em>) are also affected by this inclusive\/exclusive conundrum.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>We have to do the work ourselves.  Let&#8217;s get to work.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>We have to do the work ourselves.  Thanks for nothing!<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>When teaching English language learners, with a few such examples, even beginners can grasp the use of <em>we<\/em>.  For more advanced learners, there are a number of atypical uses where <em>we<\/em> is used in place of <em>I<\/em> or <em>you<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Royal we<\/strong> &#8211; traditionally employed by a person of high office such as a monarch or pope, it is often used today by anyone in a position of authority.<br>&#8220;<em>We<\/em> are not amused by your behavior, Mr. Jones.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Editorial we<\/strong> &#8211; used when actually giving one&#8217;s own opinion:<br>&#8220;When listening to Donald Trump, <em>we<\/em> feel a strong sense of patriotism.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Author&#8217;s we<\/strong> &#8211; a practice of referring to a generic third person as <em>we<\/em>:<br>&#8220;By adding four and five, <em>we<\/em> get nine.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>You<\/strong> &#8211; used to replace <em>you<\/em> with <em>we<\/em> when addressing a second party:<br>Parent to child: &#8220;Are <em>we<\/em> doing <em>our<\/em> homework or are <em>we<\/em> watching TV?&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You might also be interested in these posts about the peculiarities of the English language!  Did you know <a href=\"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/blog\/2020\/09\/25\/fun-facts-72-everyday\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>every day<\/em> and <em>everyday<\/em> have different meanings<\/a>?  What does the <a href=\"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/blog\/2020\/12\/26\/fun-facts-90-lax\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>X<\/em> in <em>LAX<\/em><\/a> mean?  Why do we say <a href=\"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/blog\/2020\/05\/15\/fun-facts-53-peas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>pease<\/em> porridge and not <em>pea<\/em> porridge<\/a>? What the heck does <em><a href=\"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/blog\/2020\/01\/03\/fun-facts-38-paddywhack\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">paddywhack<\/a><\/em> mean?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\">See the <a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/blog\/2020\/07\/03\/fun-facts-60-rebracketing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">previous<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/blog\/2020\/07\/17\/fun-facts-62-gowpen\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">next<\/a> <strong>Fun Facts About English<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.teacherspayteachers.com\/Store\/Donalds-English-Classroom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/HEADER_GIF.gif?w=702&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Donald's English Classroom\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>When you&#8217;re looking for a deal on learning materials, look no further than <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teacherspayteachers.com\/Store\/Donalds-English-Classroom\/Category\/Bundles-240278\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Donald&#8217;s English Classroom<\/a>!  From textbooks to game sets, check out all our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teacherspayteachers.com\/Store\/Donalds-English-Classroom\/Category\/Bundles-240278\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">bundled materials<\/a> so you can save and start downloading today!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The recently coined term, clusivity, (Filimonova, Clusivity, 2005) is defined as &#8220;a grammatical distinction between inclusive and exclusive first-person pronouns and verbal morphology,&#8221; aka the inclusive &#8220;we&#8221; and exclusive &#8220;we.&#8221; English is one of the few languages that does not have separate words for &#8220;we&#8221; that includes the listener, and &#8220;we&#8221; that excludes the listener. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4068,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[94],"tags":[275,20,835,104,168,1029,1028,1027,1026,11,806,1030,493,477,1025],"class_list":{"0":"post-4067","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-fun-facts-about-english","8":"tag-clusivity","9":"tag-donalds-english-classroom","10":"tag-english-grammar","11":"tag-english-language","12":"tag-english-language-learners","13":"tag-exclusive-we","14":"tag-first-person-pronouns","15":"tag-grammatical-distinction","16":"tag-inclusive-we","17":"tag-kinney-brothers-publishing","18":"tag-language-learning","19":"tag-linguistic-nuances","20":"tag-linguistics","21":"tag-teaching-english","22":"tag-verbal-morphology","23":"entry"},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/061.jpg?fit=1252%2C1252&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8GlQB-13B","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4067","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4067"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4067\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11017,"href":"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4067\/revisions\/11017"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4068"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4067"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4067"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kinneybrothers.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4067"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}